IoT Architecture for Real-Time Monitoring of Atmospheric Pollutants in a University Environment

Abstract

This article presents the design and implementation of an air quality monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for the campus of the State Technical University of Quevedo. The proposed architecture uses sensor nodes with ESP32 microcontrollers, which measure pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). The data is transmitted wirelessly to a centralized platform, where it is stored and displayed in real time through an accessible web interface. The results from the trial period indicate that pollutant concentrations remained within acceptable ranges, showing variations consistent with human activity and environmental conditions. It is concluded that the system constitutes a functional, scalable, and low-cost solution, viable for university environmental management and as a basis for future improvements, such as the integration of predictive analysis and early warning systems.